Psychology

The role of comparative victim beliefs in predicting support for hostile versus prosocial intergroup outcomes

Document Type

Article

Abstract

Collective memories of historical ingroup victimization can be linked to prosocial or hostile intergroup outcomes. We hypothesize that such discrepant responses are predicted by different construals of the ingroup's victimization in relation to other groups (i.e., comparative victim beliefs). Using improved measures of inclusive and exclusive victim beliefs, with a global or regional reference group, multigroup structural equation modeling showed across four different groups (Armenian Americans [N = 265], Jewish Americans [N = 297], Hungarians [N = 301], Poles [N = 468]) that inclusive victim beliefs predict prosocial, conciliatory attitudes, while exclusive victim beliefs predict hostile attitudes towards historical perpetrator groups and (in the Polish and Hungarian samples) religious and ethnic outgroups targeted in the present. Moreover, comparative victim beliefs mediated effects of more general psychological orientations (ingroup superiority, universal orientation, perspective-taking) on intergroup outcomes. These findings suggest the importance of considering distinct collective victim beliefs, and different contexts in research on collective victimhood.

Publication Title

European Journal of Social Psychology

Publication Date

2021

Volume

51

Issue

3

First Page

505

Last Page

524

ISSN

0046-2772

DOI

10.1002/ejsp.2756

Keywords

attitudes towards Muslims, attitudes towards refugees, comparative victim beliefs, exclusive victim beliefs, genocide, inclusive victim beliefs

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