Geography

Categorical variable versus categorical variable

Document Type

Book Chapter

Abstract

This chapter gives methods to compare variables X and Y when both indicate the same group of categories. The analysis’ foundation is an extended square contingency table where the sequence of categories for X in the rows is identical to the sequence of categories for Y in the columns. The table’s diagonal entries show agreement while the off-diagonal entries show difference. Equations express the sizes and intensities of the differences as the sum of three components: Quantity, Exchange, and Shift. Equations express also the intensities of the entries and the categories in the table’s rows and columns. Interpretation of the results for the entries and categories depends on whether the sums of the rows can influence the sums of the columns, vice-versa, or neither. Relevant software includes the PontiusMatrix42.xlsx spreadsheet available at www.clarku.edu/~rpontius (Pontius Jr 2020), the pontiPy python code available at https://github.com/verma-priyanka/pontiPy (Ahn and Verma 2021), and the diffeR package available at https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/diffeR/index.html (Pontius Jr and Santacruz 2015).

Publication Title

Metrics That Make a Difference How to Analyze Change and Error

Publication Date

2022

First Page

33

Last Page

44

ISBN

978-3-030-70765-1

DOI

10.1007/978-3-030-70765-1_4

Keywords

category, contingency table, exchange, intensity, PontiusMatrix, quantity, shift

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