Sustainability and Social Justice
Document Type
Article
Abstract
Part of the explanation for the persistent epidemiological findings of associations between mortality and morbidity with relatively modest ambient exposures to airborne particles may be that some people are much more susceptible to particle-induced responses than others. This study assembled a database of quantitative observations of interindividual variability in pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters likely to affect particle response. The pharmacodynamic responses studied included data drawn from epidemiologic studies of doses of methacholine, flour dust, and other agents that induce acute changes in lung function. In general, the amount of interindividual variability in several of these pharmacodynamic response parameters was greater than the variability in pharmacokinetic (breathing rate, deposition, and clearance) parameters. Quantitatively the results indicated that human interindividual variability of breathing rates and major pharmacokinetic parameters - total deposition and tracheobronchial clearance - were in the region of Log(GSD) = 0.1 to 0.2 (corresponding to geometric standard deviations of 101-102 or 1.26-1.58). Deposition to the deep lung (alveolar region) appeared to be somewhat more variable: Log(GSD) of about 0.3 (GSD of about 2). Among pharmacodynamic parameters, changes in FEV1 in response to ozone and metabisulfite (an agent that is said to act primarily on neural receptors in the lung) were in the region of Log(GSD) of 0.2 to 0.4. However, similar responses to methacholine, an agent that acts on smooth muscle, seemed to have still more variability (0.4 to somewhat over 1.0, depending on the type of population studied). Similarly high values were suggested for particulate allergens. Central estimates of this kind of variability, and the close correspondence of the data to lognormal distributions, indicate that 99.9th percentile individuals are likely to respond at doses that are 150 to 450-fold less than would be needed in median individuals. It seems plausible that acute responses with this amount of variability could form part of the mechanistic basis for epidemiological observations of enhanced mortality in relation to ambient exposures to fine particles.
Publication Title
Risk Analysis
Publication Date
1-1-2001
Volume
21
Issue
4
First Page
585
Last Page
599
ISSN
0272-4332
DOI
10.1111/0272-4332.214137
Keywords
interindividual variability, particles, pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics
Repository Citation
Hattis, Dale; Russ, Abel; Goble, Robert; Banati, Prerna; and Chu, Margaret, "Human Interindividual Variability in Susceptibility to Airborne Particles" (2001). Sustainability and Social Justice. 181.
https://commons.clarku.edu/faculty_idce/181
Copyright
"This is the pre-peer reviewed version of the following article: Hattis, Dale, et al. "Human interindividual variability in susceptibility to airborne particles." Risk analysis 21.4 (2001): 585-600., which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1111/0272-4332.214137. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived Versions.