Economics

Urban growth shadows

Document Type

Article

Abstract

Does a location's growth benefit or suffer from being geographically close to large economic centers? Spatial proximity may lead to competition and hurt growth, but it may also improve market access and enhance growth. Using data on U.S. counties and metro areas for the period 1840–2017, we document this tradeoff between urban shadows and urban access. Proximity to large urban centers was negatively associated with growth between 1840 and 1920, and positively associated with growth after 1920. Using a two-city spatial model, we show that the secular evolution of inter-city and intra-city commuting costs can account for this. Alternatively, the long-run decline in inter-city shipping costs relative to intra-city commuting costs is also consistent with these observed patterns.

Publication Title

Journal of Urban Economics

Publication Date

5-2021

Volume

123

ISSN

0094-1190

DOI

10.1016/j.jue.2021.103334

Keywords

1840–2017, city growth, commuting, spatial economics, United states, urban access, urban shadows, urban systems

Share

COinS